THE YOUNGEST VICTIMS
When consumed by pregnant mothers, alcohol enters the bloodstream, passes through the placenta and enters the fetus (unborn child).
Alcohol can damage a fetus at any stage of pregnancy, but is most serious in the first few months. There is a risk of alcohol-related birth defects including growth deficiencies, facial abnormalities, and damage to the brain and nervous system.
Alcohol has claimed the lives of many gifted artists, musicians and writers over the past decades. These are just a few:
John Bonham (1948–1980): Excessive alcohol led to the tragic death of Led Zeppelin drummer John “Bonzo” Bonham, best known for his drum solo on the song “Moby Dick.” He was found dead of asphyxiation from vomit after a night of heavy drinking, on his way to rehearsals for an upcoming tour.
Steve Clark (1960–1991): Guitarist for Def Leppard. A heavy drinker, he died in his London home of a lethal combination of alcohol and drugs.
Michael Clarke (1946–1993): American musician, drummer for The Byrds. He died of liver failure after three decades of heavy alcohol consumption.
Brian Connolly (1945–1997): Scottish rock vocalist and lead singer for Sweet. His drinking problem caused him to leave the band in 1978; he reunited years later but his drinking had damaged his health and he died of liver failure in 1997.
Oliver Reed (1938–1999): British actor known for his roles in Oliver!, Women in Love, The Three Musketeers and Gladiator. He died from a sudden heart attack during a break from filming Gladiator. He was heavily intoxicated after 3 bottles of rum, 8 bottles of beer and numerous doubles of whiskey.
REFERENCES
- “Facts About Alcohol,” U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- “Alcohol and Underage Drinking,” School of Public Health at John Hopkins University
- “Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings,” SAMHSA
- “2007 Traffic Safety Annual Assessment—Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities,” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, August 2008
- “Alcohol and Crime,” U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics
- “Alcohol-related assault: findings from the British Crime Survey,” UK Home Office Online Report
- “Statistics on Alcohol: England, 2007,” National Health Service (UK)
- “Alcohol in Europe: A Public Health Perspective,” Institute of Alcohol Studies (UK)
- “Alcohol Use Disorders: Alcohol Liver Diseases and Alcohol Dependency,” Warren Kaplan, Ph.D., JD, MPH, 7 Oct 2004
- “Alcohol and the Brain,” University of Washington
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General
- Encyclopedia Britannica
- “Alcohol Intoxification,” www.emedicinehealth.com
- “Alcohol Alert,” U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, April 2006
- Mothers Against Drunk Driving
- "Teen Drivers: Fact Sheet," Centers for Disease Control